Fox, Ronald Forrest, and George E. Uhlenbeck. “Contributions to nonequilibrium thermodynamics. II. Fluctuation theory for the Boltzmann equation.” The Physics of Fluids 13, no. 12 (1970): 2881-2890.
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The theory of the nonequilibrium phenomena in a dilute gas as described by the Boltzmann equation is extended in order to also include the fluctuations of the distribution function of the molecules. It is shown that in a first approximation this extension leads to the Landau‐Lifshitz fluctuation terms in the hydrodynamical equations.