Bullock, Seth, and Dave Cliff. “Complexity and emergent behaviour in ICT systems.” (2004).
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It is not controversial to observe that we are living in an increasingly joined-up world. Processes of globalisation continue to drive ever-increasing levels of interconnectedness, encouraging greater population mobility and resultant economic and cultural exchange. What may be less apparent is that for such flows of goods, services, and capital, at regional, national, and international levels (and even for international terrorism and consequent homeland security issues) the many faces of modern globalisation have been underwritten by innovation in information and communications technology (ICT).